Severe Early Childhood Caries - A Clinical Case Report

Introduction: The most common cause of general anesthesia for children up to 5 years of age in Bulgaria is caries of early childhood, followed by non-cooperative children due to the strong anxiety of dental treatment. Dental caries in the primary dentition of children aged 5 years and from 1 to 3 years are still one of the major health problems in the United States. The aim is to examine the severity of early childhood caries, their complications and the need for restoration.

Case Presentation: On the dental chair is sitting a 3 years and 7 months old girl. Dental status showed that the teeth 51, 52, 61, 62 were diagnosed Fracture coronae dentis. Teeth 54, 64 were diagnosed Periodontitis chronica granulomatosa diffusa cum fistulae. Cavity (d3) and irreversible lesions are the teeth 53, 63, 81, 82. Deep and cavity caries of the occlusal fissure have teeth 65, 75, 84, 85.Teeth 55, 72, 74 have a diagnosis of symptomatic and open pulpitis (d4). The treatment was conducted on general and local anesthesia in the clinic of the University in Varna. Operators: Doctors, specialists in pediatric dentistry.

Discussion: The patient have pain on palpation and percussion. The Silness and Loe plaque index is 2.33, which indicates poor oral hygiene. Diagnosis: Severe Early Childhood Caries. The child not systemic medical condition. The definition of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is any sign of smooth-surface caries in a child younger than three years of age, and from ages three through five, one or more cavitated, missing, or filled smooth surfaces in primary maxillary anterior teeth or a decayed, missing, or filled score of greater than or equal to four (age 3), greater than or equal to five (age 4), or greater than or equal to six (age 5). In this case primary teeth need a restoration, and in heavier cases and extraction.

Conclusion: 1. Children who have suffered from ECC should be treated by minimally invasive cavity preparation with preventive fillings for primary teeth. 2. The restorations for teeth are made of modern adhesives such as glass-ionomer cements and compomers.

Keywords: ECC, general anesthesia, cavitated caries lesions.